waeing



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model G. E. WARING, Jr.

WATER CLOSET.

,599. Patented Aug. 12, 1884.

N PETERS. Phnto-Lilhugmphen Washington ma (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. E. WARING, Jr.

WATER CLOSET.

% 303,599. PatentedAug. 12,1884. $4 FIG '5.-

1N ENTOF'\.

WITNESSES.

v ATTORNEY.

Nirno "FICEQ GEORGE E. AKING, JR, OF NEW'lOl-LT, RHODE ISLAND.

WATER-CLOSET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 303,599, dated August12, 1884.

Application filed April 21, mm. (Xe model.)

' a citizen of the United States, residing at Newport, in the county ofNewport and State of Rhode Island, have invented new and usefulImprovements in ater-Closets, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the construction of water-closets holding waterat a permanent level, being the level of a fixed overflow-point, andintended to be emptied by a jet of water entering at the bottom of thebowl or trap, or by suction at the top of the trap, produced by therapid passage of a stream of water, orby a current of air, or by anair-pump, the principle of emptying bya jet being, for the purposes ofillustration, shown in the drawings herewith; also, for a new andimproved method of supplying a flow of water to waterclosets.

VVater-closets heretofore made to be worked on the principle herein setforth have the bowl of a round or oval form with the outlet hole at ornear the middle of the same, the outlet-pipe rising at an inclination,but descending from the turn of the trap in a vertical direction. Bowlsof such form do not af ford such a deposition of the volume of watercontained as to give the greatest depth at a point wliere depth is mostnecessary for the reception of fecal deposits, and they give a greaterdepth than is necessary at a point Where only urine is received, thusrequiring an unnecessary quantity of water to fill them whileaccomplishing the purpose of the water less completely than by myinvention; also, the vertical direction of the outlet-pipe requiresinore floor-space than does my invention. So, also, the appliance forsupplying water to water-closets as generally used is so arranged thatthe channel connecting the closet with the supply-cistern is at ordinarytimes filled with air. The displacement of this air, as ,the water-supply descends through the pipe, offers considerable resistance to theflow and a consequent loss of head and force, and its escape into thebowl is accompanied with an objectionable noise. In my invention thesupply-pipe stands full for its whole height, andthere is no air betweenthe water in the closet and the water in the service-box orsupply-cistern.

I obtain the objects of my invention by the mechanism and constructionillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows avertical section through the bowl and trap from front to rear. is a Viewfrom above, showing the contours of the inner surface thereof atdifferent elevations. Fig. 3 is a view from above of the uppercompartment of the supply-cistern. Fig. i is a perspective view of thesupply-cistern. Fig. 5 is a crosssection of the valve and overflowconnected with the service-box. Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the valveand overflowoutlet near the bottom of the supply-pipe. Fig. 7 shows themanner in which the watersupply is connected and applied to the bowl.These illustrations of the construction of the supply-cistern are notanecessary part of the specification on which I base my claim, and thepurpose to be accomplished by my invention may be accomplished by meansof supply-eisternsof different general construction but securing thesame result-that is, the con- Fig. 2 a

tinuous column of water between the cistern in several pieces properlyfastened together.

XV hen full, the surface of the water reaches to thecontour line A,which extends nearly to the front of the bowl, bearly covering withwater the surface which would otherwise receive deposits of urine, whilethe greatest depth of water inclosed by the contour G is in that partwhere the dropping of feces requires the greatest depth. Thesupply-stream delivered by a pipe passing through the channel D, and thesmaller stream for flushing the bowl, delivered by a pipe passingthrough the channel G, may both be introduced from below the fioor ofthe closet and within the foot of the bowl. In like manner thedischargepipe E is inclined toward the center of the bowl and finds itsexit through the footing of the same, so that the whole service ofsupply anddelivery is by a pipe connected beneath the floor within thespace covered by the solid foot of the bowl, there being, when soarranged, no pipe, valve, or appliances-of any kind in the space aroundthe bowl.

I do not wish to confine my invention to water-closets of the preciseform and arrangement indicated in the drawings, as the object of myinvention may be obtained by other modifications of the same generalprinciple.

The supply-cistern "W and service-box N consist of three compartments.The service-box Nthethird com p artm entis placed at a lower level thanthe supplycistern, and connects with it by a valve, 0, the twocompartments of the supply cistern communicating by another valve, P.The service-box is continued in the form of a hollow pipe, Q, of acertain size, to a point below the permanent level of the wa ter of thebowl of the closet. Below this level it is stopped by a valve, g, whichprevents the escape of its water. This valve is penetrated by an openpipe, S, of smaller diameter than the pipe just described, which isextended to a point at or near the top of the supplycistern, being thereconnected with a pulley, lever, or other device by which it may beraised or lowered. At its top it is connected by a solid arm, T, orother device with the valve P, by which the two parts of thesupplycistern communicate. The same small pipe, S,which opens throughandis connected with the lower valve, g, and with the valve P,connecting the two compartments of the supply-cistern, carries a thirdvalve, 0, whose oifice it is to close the outlet of the supply-cisternV. to a rigid pipe,which causes them all to move simultaneously.

The operation of this apparatus and its connection with the bowl of thecloset is as follows: The small pipe S with its three valves, 0, P, andg, stand at their lowest point. The first compartment of thesupply-cistern is full of water. The second compartment, M, has beenemptied of its water, which has passed through the second valve, 0,filled the pipe Q, above the third or lowest valve, 9, and theservice-box N, and has overflowed through the overflow-holes at Z,delivering to the inte rior of the small pipe S, and has run into thebowl K, filling it to its permanent water-line. In the filling of theservice-box and supply pipe, the air contained therein has been drivenout through the vent-pipe V. Any excess of supplyin the firstcompartment, L, of the supply-cistern has overflowed at Y, and, passingthrough the overflow-holes at X and Z, has run into the bowl of thecloset K. small pipe S and its valves are raised, the followingoperations take place: The water con- These three valves are thusattached lVhen the" the closing or the valve 0. The flushing ol' thecloset being completed, the handle is released, the small pipe and itsthree valves descend, the lower one, 9, being closed, the sec 0nd one,0, being opened, and the first one, P, being closed, the water of thesecond compartment, M, passing into the service-box N and supply-pipe Q,and overflowing at Z, to fill the bowl preparatory to another use.

In order to continue the permanence of the continuous column of waterbetween the sup-.

plycistern and the trap, as set forth, it is necessary that the branchpipe for supplying a flush to the upper part of the bowl should beattached to the main pipe below the normal level of the trapping-water.

The different compartments of the supplycistern or service-box beingarranged sub stantially as shown, an overflow-pipe reaching from the topof the supply-cistern to and through the valve by which thedischargepipe is closed, permits the discharge directly into the closetof any eXcess of water flowing into the cistern. The overflow-pipe S,the valve 9, in the course of the supply-pipe being placed below thelevel of the water in the bowl, accomplishes one chief purpose of myinvention, which is to maintain a supply-pipe standing filled withwater. When this valve is opened, the pressure of water from abovedrives the supply with much force through the injection-pipe t in thetrap, and through the branch pipe h, which delivers behind the pan. inthe bowl K, for the flushing and cleaning of the upper portion thereof.The force of the jet t drives the water contained in the bowl and trapthrough the ascending arm of the trap and toward the soil-pipe. In thismanner the contents of the bowl and the added flushing-water aredischarged. The discharge being completed, the valve 9 is closed and thecontents or the lower compartment of the supply-cistern flow through asmall hole in the pipe S to refill the trap and bowl to the height ofthe overflow-point or bend of the outlet pipe E. The after filling ofthe bowl may be accomplished in other ways, as, by the usual. oneofdividingasubsidiary reservoir arranged to retain a portion of theflushing-supply, and discharging it slowly through the overflowpipe.

I am aware that prior to my invention wa ter-closet bowls andoutlet-pipes have been so constructed that water is held in the bowl ata certain level by a rigid overflow-point; that supply-cisterns ofseveral compartments, in connection with service-boxes, have been used;and that the various valves of the apparatus have been so connected asto be actuated by a singlemovement. I therefore do not claim suchconstruction, broadly; but

WVhat I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A combined water-closet bowl and trap, constructed so that the watermay be held there in at a permanent level, said bowl being deepest atits rear portion and shallowest at its front portion, and having itsoutlet in the rear portion, combined with means applied to the Water inthe trap other than the force of water falling on it from above-as, forinstance, a jet-whereby-the contents of the bowl and trap may beautomatically discharged, sub stantially as and for the purposes hereinset forth.

2. A water-closet bowl constructed so that the water may be held thereinat a permanent level, combined with meanssuch as a jetwhereby thecontents of the bowl. may be antomatically discharged, and apipe forsupplying the flushing-water to the upper part of the bowl, said pipebeing connected to the main supply-pipe at a point below the normallevel of the water in the bowl, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

3. The combination, with a trapped bowl of 20 a Water-closet slop-hopperor urinal and a water-supply cistern, of a supply-pipe between the bowland cistern so arranged and adjusted as to secure an unbroken column ofwater between the bowl'and cistern, substantially as 25

